At the end of March, Hafren (a male adult cuckoo) left the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire to begin his epic migration north to England. From Côte d'Ivoire, Hafren skirted the eastern border of Guinea, crossed south-eastern Mali, motored through Mauritania, and—after a journey of around 1,370 miles—arrived in Western Sahara.
By early April, Hafren had reached Mijek in Western Sahara. Over the following days, he continued north, cutting up through Morocco. His path took him near the major cities of Marrakesh and Fes, before reaching the north Moroccan coast near Temsaman commune in Driouch Province on Saturday, 5 April. Hafren's most recent signal shows that he has now set off across the Mediterranean. If all goes well, he should soon arrive in Spain, somewhere between Malaga and Almeria.
Hafren is just one of 15 cuckoos being tracked as part of the British Trust for Ornithology's Cuckoo Tracking Project. Since 2011, the project has tagged more than 100 birds and tracked their annual migratory journeys from the UK to Africa and back again. Now is a great time to check out the project's live tracking map. Male cuckoos typically arrive in Britain towards the end of April or the beginning of May, which means the map is about to become very active. Wilfred and Hafren have already begun their northward journeys, and they will soon be joined by the other 13 cuckoos.
Over the years, the project has uncovered important insights into cuckoo migration. There are two main routes taken by the birds: one through Spain and one via Italy. Data shows that cuckoos migrating via Spain have a higher mortality rate than those taking the Italian route. Interestingly, the birds using the Spanish route also tend to come from areas of the UK where cuckoo populations have declined.